In the modern industrialized production model, machine tools play a vital role. The main shaft of the machine tool determines the normal operation of the machine tool and is the core of the machine tool. The machine tool spindle bears heavy tasks and is extremely prone to wear and tear. Machine tool spindle maintenance has become a skill that industrial producers must learn. Here, TEDIN will introduce you to the common faults and solutions of machine tool spindles.
1. Reasons for machine tool spindle failure
1). Spindle rotation heats up
①The pre-tightening force of the spindle bearing is too large, and the pre-tightening force needs to be readjusted.
②The bearing is worn or damaged and needs to be replaced with a new bearing.
③There is too little grease or the grease gets dirty, and the grease needs to be replaced.
2). The spindle is noisy
①Bearings are damaged or gears are worn, and new bearings or gears need to be replaced.
②The dynamic balance of the spindle assembly is poor, and the dynamic balance of the spindle assembly needs to be redone.
③The transmission belt is loose or worn, and the transmission belt needs to be adjusted or replaced.
3). Powerful cutting of the spindle stops
① The transmission belt is too loose and needs to be tightened.
②The transmission belt has expired after a long period of use, and the transmission belt needs to be replaced.
4). The tool cannot be clamped
①The displacement of the disc spring is too small, and the stroke length of the disc spring needs to be adjusted.
② The spring chuck is damaged and needs to be replaced with a new one.
③The disc spring is invalid and the disc spring needs to be replaced.
5). Inaccurate spindle orientation
The position of the spindle orientation magnet is loose, and it needs to be tightened or adjusted again.
The above are the common failures of machine tool spindles and their causes. Besides, the mechanical structure must be carefully analyzed before judging the failure, and various factors must be considered comprehensively.
2. Precautions for maintenance of machine tool spindle
1). Disassembly and assembly sequence of parts
To repair the spindle, you must open the spindle box and disassemble the spindle components. Because the CNC spindle has a complex structure and many parts, the removed parts should be numbered in order, and then cleaned and inspected one by one, and the failed parts are replaced. For spindle selection, quality assurance, and installation and restoration, follow the reverse order of disassembly.
2). Pin puller for disassembly
A pin puller is used to remove the top cover of the spindle box. There are two positioning pins on the top cover. The upper end of the positioning pin has an M5 threaded hole for pin pulling. Generally, users do not have a special pin puller and can make a special tool by themselves. Drill three holes in the steel plate, with a 6mm smooth hole in the middle and an M6 threaded hole on each side. When pulling out the pin, align the 6mm light hole with the M5 threaded hole on the positioning pin, and screw an M5 screw to make the screw press the steel plate. Then screw M6 screws in the threaded holes on both sides of the steel plate, and evenly screw down to lift the steel plate. The steel plate drives the M5 screws to pull out the positioning pins.
3). Wave spring assembly
When assembling the main shaft components, the wave spring must first be restored to the compressed state before disassembly. At this time, it may be difficult to compress with a puller. Special tools can be made to complete the compression.
Please check the Product Guide to select suitable bearings for your machinery.
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